Karadžić’s leadership during the conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina marked a dark chapter in the region’s history. His role in instigating and overseeing atrocities against Bosniak and Croat populations contributed to destabilizing the fragile peace between the ethnic groups. His conviction for genocide and other war crimes in 2016 by the ICTY underscored the gravity of his actions and brought a measure of justice to the victims of the conflict.