Sweeney began his youth career at Reading before moving to AFC Wimbledon in 2015. He made his professional debut for AFC Wimbledon in 2016 before joining Stoke City later that year. While at Stoke City, he was loaned out to Bristol Rovers and Mansfield Town before making a permanent move to Mansfield Town in 2018. Sweeney spent two seasons at Mansfield Town, making over 60 appearances for the club before joining Burton Albion in 2020.